Rash, cough, runny nose, sneeze, and even asthma have been coming without warning since I don’t know when… Some people suffer from it from birth, but some people start to have the above symptoms suddenly. These “allergic” people are extremely sensitive to external stimuli, and the body is prone to allergic immune responses. People with allergies are prone to various allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food or contact allergies.What is desensitization therapy
What is desensitization therapy
Desensitization therapy is now known as allergen-specific immunotherapy, and it is the only causal therapy for allergic diseases at present. Other treatments, including antihistamines, hormones, and monoclonal antibodies, are symptomatic treatments.
The principle of desensitization therapy is to allow patients to start exposure to specific allergen preparations from a low dose, gradually increase the dose after tolerance, and then treat a full course of treatment after reaching an effective maintenance dose to stimulate the body’s immune system to produce a specific allergen.
tolerance, so that when the patient is exposed to the allergen again, the allergic symptoms are significantly reduced or disappeared. Simply put, desensitization treatment is a process in which allergens send “representatives” to “talk and negotiate” with the immune system of allergic patients.
Desensitization therapy can be divided into subcutaneous injection immunotherapy, sublingual administration, oral immunotherapy, transdermal immunotherapy and lymphatic administration immunotherapy according to different administration routes. Currently, subcutaneous injection and sublingual administration are commonly used.
Why desensitize
In order to avoid the onset of allergic diseases, the most effective way is to avoid contact with allergens. In real life, however, symptom control through allergen avoidance alone is difficult and difficult to achieve. Although the commonly used anti-allergic drugs in clinic have a fast onset of action, their clinical effect is not good, and they cannot block the progression and deterioration of allergic diseases.
Desensitization therapy is currently the only treatment method that can change the natural course of allergic diseases through the immune regulation mechanism. Early desensitization therapy can significantly reduce or even completely relieve allergic symptoms, gradually reduce or even completely get rid of symptomatic medication, and can prevent disease aggravation and new allergies, the efficacy can continue for a long time after the desensitization treatment is terminated.
Who is suitable for desensitization treatment?
- Patients with type I allergic reactions with inhaled allergens as the main cause (reliable allergen testing, etc.)
- Generally speaking, the applicable age is 5 to 60 years old.
- The most suitable diseases are allergic rhinitis and asthma, followed by allergic dermatitis.
- For patients with food and drug allergies, the avoidance method is generally used at present, and the application of related desensitization therapy has yet to be matured.
Desensitization therapy is not a panacea
The efficacy of desensitization therapy varies from person to person, and it cannot completely cure allergies. It has certain limitations:
1.Long time, generally recommended 3-5 years, requires the patient to have enough patience. Even rapid desensitization therapy only reduces the treatment time in the conventional phase, not the overall duration of desensitization therapy. Compared with traditional desensitization therapy, rapid desensitization therapy reduces the number of doctor visits, but because rapid desensitization therapy is a concentrated injection in a short period of time, the risk of systemic allergy in patients also increases.
2.Not once and for all, there may be recurrence after stopping treatment, and symptoms may also worsen during treatment.
3.Some specific groups are not suitable for desensitization treatment, such as: patients with severe immune system diseases, moderate/severe or poorly controlled asthma patients, patients with cardiovascular system diseases, pregnant women, etc.
Epilogue
Before carrying out desensitization treatment, patients need to be fully psychologically prepared, and to learn relevant knowledge, to understand the purpose, process and possible adverse reactions of treatment. Especially for younger children, they need the active cooperation and careful care of parents. Desensitization treatment is a long process, which requires the efforts and cooperation of both doctors and patients in order to obtain good results.
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